Thursday, November 28, 2019

The Truth about Orthodox Christianity Essay Example For Students

The Truth about Orthodox Christianity Essay As described inThe Grand Inquisitor by DostoevskyThe writings of Fyodor Dostoevsky and Helen Ellerbe show substantial evidence that the orthodox Christians did in fact steal from humanity the divine freedom it was promised by Jesus Christ. This thesis is supported in Dostoevskys The Grand Inquisitor from his book The Brothers Karamazov. The dark side of Christian history by Helen Ellerbe also supports this theory. The Inquisition itself shows credibility to the theory that orthodox Christianity was established to conquer and control the freedom of humans. 2. Orthodox Christianity has a history of trying to deceive humanity. In her book, Ellerbe proclaims that: Orthodox Christianity fostered humanitys shift towards a world view that pays little heed to the idea of divinity. (Ellerbe 165). In addition, the Grand Inquisitor claims it as a merit for himself and his Church that at last they have vanquished freedom and have done so to make men happy. (Dostoevsky 1081). 3. Reading The Grand Inquisitor while considering the history of early Christianity, the question can be asked, Did orthodox Christians really believe in God? Or is the God they believed in a guise that Christianity has put forward to have humanity believe in Him through its teachings only. The Roman Church had taken Gods celebrations of nature and converted them to Christian celebration. In The dark side of Christian history, Ellerbe supports this when she writes Unable to convince people of the absence of God in nature, the early Church instead incorporated aspects of the very nature worship it condemned (Ellerbe 143). We will write a custom essay on The Truth about Orthodox Christianity specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now 4. The Spanish Inquisition was established in 1478. King Ferdinand V and Queen Isabella I requested the Inquisition. At first, The concern of the Inquisition in Spain was over the conversion of Marranos:Marranos were Jews that were converted to Christianity using force and pressure by society. It is estimated that by the end of the 14th century about 100,000 Jews had become Marranos, although the greater number of Jews openly adhered to their faith even at the risk of expulsion. Some Marranos actually accepted Christianity, but most of them practiced Judaism in secret, while others waited only for an opportunity to throw off their Christian disguise (Encarta 99). Later, the Inquisition turned to people of Islam and attempted to convert the in the same way they had done to the Jews. And, even later, to those suspected of being Protestants. The Spanish Inquisition was similar to the first inquisition that was started in France. It was centrally directed by the Supreme Council of the Inquisition, but its procedures were similar to its medieval counterpart. Although the Spanish Inquisition received approval from the Pope, the papacy turned the control of the Inquisition over to the King and Queen after only a few years of being started. The prose that Ivan Karamozov wrote in The Grand Inquisitor was set in Seville, Spain. 5. Dominican Churchmen, including Tomas de Torquemada, as well as other religious, were officers of the Inquisition. The most influential and notorious Grand Inquisitor of the Spanish Inquisition was Tomas de Torquemada. Tomas was the first Grand Inquisitor and executed thousands of suspected heretics. It can be assumed, but not substantiated, that the Grand Inquisitor in Dostoevskys story is the same person or has a very close resemblance. Dostoevsky portrays the Grand Inquisitors attire: He is not dressed in his gorgeous cardinals robes. As he was the day before, when he was burning the enemies of the Roman Church. (Dostoevsky 1079). Of course, this is only speculation on my part since little more is known about the Inquisitors themselves. The Grand Inquisitor involves taking the man performing miracles in front of the cathedral prisoner. The Grand Inquisitor begins to question and threaten the Prisoner. 6. The Grand Inquisitor tells the Prisoner that the Prisoner himself had turned all his power over to the Pope: All has been given by Thee to the Pope, they say, and all, therefore, is still in the Popes hands (Dostoevsky 1080-1081). This idea is also in agreement in The dark side of Christian history where it is written: Christianity has helped to create a society in which people are alienated not only from each other but also from the divine. (Ellerbe 1). 7. The Grand Inquisitors statements and questions support the deceit of orthodox Christianity. He accuses the Prisoner of ignoring man: Thou didst reject the only way by which men might be happy. But, fortunately, departing Thou didst hand on the work to us. (Dostoevsky 1081). During that time of feeling ignored, Christianity was free to change many Pagan beliefs to be vilified or to conform to Christian ideals. The Prisoner, when asked to do so by the dread spirit had refused to turn rocks into loaves of bread. The Prisoner had turned away from providing Man food from Nature. The Church took this as another reason for Man to turn to it as their salvation. Dostoevsky writes: They will find us and cry to us, Feed us, for those who have promised us fire from heaven havent given it. Then, And we alone shall feed them in Thy name, declaring falsely that it is in Thy name. Oh, never, never can they feed themselves without us! (Dostoevsky 1082). Helen Ellerbe states that The Church spent c enturies prohibiting displays of reverence that involved nature. (Ellerbe 142). In addition to the forsaking of nature, The Grand Inquisitor accuses the Prisoner had given men freedom, but man could not handle the freedom that was given to them. The Church took over that feeling of freedom. For fifteen centuries we have been wrestling with Thy freedom, but now it is ended and over for good. (Dostoevsky 1081). And have concluded that they have taken control of mans freedom: But let me tell Thee now, today, people are more persuaded than ever that they have perfect freedom, yet they have brought their freedom to us and laid it humbly at our feet. (Dostoevsky 1081) and Modern thought most often validated Christian tenets. The perception that the universe operates like a machine or a clock corroborated St. Augustines contention that human beings have no free will. (Ellerbe 173). Even Mans freedom to celebrate was usurped by Orthodox Christianity. Humanity had been forced by the church t o consider their pagan events as Christian. Christian holidays were held at the same time. One of those holidays held most dear by humanity today, Christmas was made to correspond to the pagan celebration of the winter solstice. What we call Easter as Christians had virtually the same meaning as the pagan holidays Attis. (Ellerbe 148). .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8 , .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8 .postImageUrl , .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8 , .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8:hover , .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8:visited , .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8:active { border:0!important; } .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8:active , .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8 .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u18662857d519f3d357bb69a1f6b6eff8:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Spiritual Root Of My Resilience Essay8. The Prisoner uses the performance of miracles to influence the people and have them worship Him. Whenever the words He, Him, Thee, and Thou are capitalized in all grammatical cases, we have become accustomed to referring to God and/or Jesus Christ. In The Great Inquisitor this remains the case. The Grand Inquisitor refers to the talk in the wilderness and says to the Prisoner, the great spirit talked with Thee in the wilderness, and we are told in the books that he tempted Thee. (Dostoevsky 1081). This statement was in reference to Satans temptation of Christ in the wilderness. 9. Simply touch the Prisoner or His garments performed miracles: He holds out His hands to them, blesses them, and a healing virtue comes from contact with Him, even with His garments. An old man in the crowd, blind from childhood, cries out, O Lord, heal me and I shall see Thee! and, as it were, scales fall from his eyes and the blind man sees Him.. (Dostoevsky 1079). 10. He raises the daughter of a prominent citizen from the dead: The procession halts, the coffin is laid on the steps at His feet. He looks with compassion, and His lips once more softly pronounce, Maiden, arise! and the maiden arises.. (Dostoevsky 1079). 11. These are miracles that Christians relate to Jesus Christ. Yet the orthodox Christians believed that death was a passing from an earth that was possessed by the devil to deliverance to God in heaven. Orthodox Christians, in their effort to conquer it, often ended up glorifying death. Jesuss most valuable act was understood to be not his miracles of healing or his message of love and peace, but rather his act of dying. The Bible states that the day of death is better than the day of ones birth. (Ellerbe 162). 12. HE is silent because talking would give support to the Churchs Inquisition. His appearance and aura alone shows understanding and love. It also shows that Jesus will not answer to the Grand Inquisitor. He will not admit that the Church is correct, but it puts him in a catch 22. If he does answer, the Church is justified in their Inquisition of Humanity. At points where He should be wrought with anger the Prisoner continues to look upon the Grand Inquisitor with consideration. His appearance and aura alone shows understanding and love. This is understood by the inquisitor and is firmly rejected, And why dost Thou look silently and searchingly at me with Thy mild eyes? Be angry. I dont want Thy love, for I love Thee not. (Dostoevsky 1086). The Grand Inquisitor receives his answer to all his questions and accusations at the end of the story. The Prisoner, still silent, places a kiss on the lips of the inquisitor. 13. The Grand Inquisitor joins the clever people. The inquisitor now understands that the Christians will never achieve their goals to bring people into harmony with themselves. As Ivan says in the story:You see, only suppose that there was one such man among all those who desire nothing but filthy material gain-if theres only one like my old Inquisitor, who had himself eaten roots in the desert and made frenzied efforts to subdue his flesh to make himself free and perfect. But yet all his life he loved humanity, and suddenly his eyes were opened, and he saw that it is no great moral blessedness to attain perfection and freedom, if at the same time one gains the conviction that millions of Gods creatures have been created as a mockery, that they will never be capable of using their freedom, that these poor rebels can never turn into giants to complete the tower, that it was not for such geese that the great idealist dreamt his dream of harmony. Seeing all that he turned back and join ed- the clever people. (Dostoevsky 1089). .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0 , .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0 .postImageUrl , .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0 , .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0:hover , .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0:visited , .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0:active { border:0!important; } .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0:active , .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0 .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2b27000291c484f94b02a206251294b0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Essay on My Opinion On Teaching Philosophy14. The Grand Inquisitor was an atheist but could not break away from orthodox Christianity. This was the Inquisitors secret in the entire story. The Grand Inquisitor could not deny Him as could the clever people that he joined. They have no such great cleverness and no mysteries and secrets. . . .Perhaps nothing but Atheism, thats all their secret. Your Inquisitor does not believe in God, thats his secret. (Dostoevsky 1089). 15. The Inquisition was the vehicle by which the Church could cover-up its lies to humanity. This has been shown by Ivan Karamozov, in an excerpt from The Grand Inquisitor: My story is laid in Spain, in Seville, in the most terrible time of the Inquisition, when fires were lighted every day to the glory of God, (Dostoevsky 1078). In the The dark side of Christian history it is stated that, the Church turned its force against European society itself, launching a brutal assault upon southern France and instituting the Inquisi-tion. (Ellerbe 3). Therefore when people in the 15th century spoke of freedom, it was only the freedom that the Church allowed them to have. 16. The Grand Inquisitor proves the thesis of this paper. Ivan says:he sees that he (the Inquisitor) must follow the counsel of the wise spirit, the dread spirit of death and destruction, and therefor accept lying and deception, and lead men consciously to death and destruction, and yet deceive them all the way so that they may not notice where they are being led, that the poor blind creatures may at least on the way think themselves happy. (Dostoevsky 1089). 17. Also, Ellerbe states: The perception that the Universe operates like a machine or a Clock corroborated St. Augustines contention that human beings have no free will. (Ellerbe 173). And Atheism simply extended the Christian idea that God is distant and removed from the physical world. Once people accepted that, it was not difficult to believe that God did not exist at all (Ellerbe 171). 18. All the historical evidence of the Inquisition and the writings of Dostoevsky and Ellerbe show substantial evidence that the orthodox Christians did in fact steal from humanity the divine freedom it was promised by Jesus Christ. Works CitedEllerbe, Helen. The dark side of Christian history. San Rafael, CA: Morningstar Books, 1995. Dostoevsky, Fyodor; The Grand Inquisitor from The Brothers Karamozov. Taken from Literature of the Western World by Wilke, Brian, and Hurt, JamesMicrosoft Encarta 99, Microsoft Corporation, 1993-1998.

Sunday, November 24, 2019

Installing Gems from Git Repositories

Installing Gems from Git Repositories Many gems are hosted on git repositories, such as the public repositories on Github. However, to get the latest version, quite often there are no gems built for you to install with ease. Installing from git is quite easy though. First, you have to understand what git is. Git is what the developers of the library use to track the source code and to collaborate. Git is not a release mechanism. Its important to note that the version of the software you get from git may or may not be stable. Its not a release version and could contain bugs that will be fixed before the next official release. The first thing you have to do in order to install gems from git is install git. This page of The Git Book explains how to do this. Its rather straightforward on all platforms and once its installed, you have everything you need. Installing a gem from a Git repository is going to be a 4 step process. Clone the Git repository.Change to the new directory.Build the gem.Install the gem. Clone the Git Repository In Git lingo, to clone a git repository is to make a copy of it. Were going to be making a copy of the rspec repository from github. This copy will be a full copy, the same the developer will have on their computers. You can even make changes (though you wont be able to commit these changes back into the repository). The only thing you need to clone a git repository is the clone URL. This is provided on the github page for RSpec. The clone URL for RSpec is git://github.com/dchelimsky/rspec.git. Now simply use the git clone command provided with the clone URL. $ git clone git://github.com/dchelimsky/rspec.git This will clone the RSpec repository into a directory called rspec. This directory should always be the same as the final part of the clone URL (minus the .git part). Change to The New Directory This step, too, is very straightforward. Simply change to the new directory created by Git. $ cd rspec Build the Gem This step is a bit more tricky. Gems are built using Rake, using the task called gem. $ rake gem It may not be that simple though. When you install a gem using the gem command, silently in the background it does something rather important: dependency checking. When you issue the rake command, it may come back with an error message saying it needs another gem installed first, or that you need to upgrade a gem already installed. Install or upgrade this gem using either the gem command or by installing from git. You may have to do this several times depending on how many dependencies the gem has. Install the Gem When the build process is completed, you will have a new gem in the pkg directory. Simply give the relative path to this .gem file to the gem install command. Youll need administrator privileges to do this on Linux or OSX. $ gem install pkg/gemname-1.23.gem The gem is now installed and can be used just as any other gem.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Is Levittown (N.Y) a symbol of American progress, or should it be Essay

Is Levittown (N.Y) a symbol of American progress, or should it be considered a symbol of American prejudice - Essay Example Nevertheless, the long seeded racism cultivates in the town against all races other than Caucasian. Even today, a vast majority of the inhabitants of Levittown are white Americans. According to the 1990 census, 97.37 percent of the inhabitants of Levittown were White Americans (The New York Times, 1997, p. 2). Three years later, in the 2000 census, â€Å"[t]he racial makeup of the CDP was 94.36% White, 2.45% African American, 0.16% Native American, 0.96% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.86% from other races, and 1.17% from two or more races† (Hispanis Dose, n.d.). Owing to the subdued rights of non-Caucasian Americans in Levittown, it is a symbol of prejudice for America. Cultivation of racism in the Long Islands is detrimental even for the racists. Long Islanders have conventionally made every attempt to keep their Island from according with the notion of â€Å"becoming just like Queens† (Newsday, 2002). The fundamental ideology of Long Islanders is that to be Queens-l ike is to be urban, which is not something to feel proud of. In order for the Long Islands like Levittown to be considered good, they have to be suburban with a lot of wealth, safety and most importantly, whiteness! However, â€Å"[i]n their effort to keep things as they are, however, Long Islanders are strangling their own chance of maturing as an economic center and as a vibrant, viable region† (Newsday, 2002). By making the Long Islands race specific, the developers have narrowed the chances of occupancy of their own children on them. They tend to ruin all opportunities to solve the usual issues of protecting open space, controlling overdevelopment, revitalizing the downtown regions, limiting taxes, and most importantly, handling racism. Racism in Long Islands like Levittown moves from private life of individuals to the societal arena. It may frequently show up in public gatherings in terms of racial appellations displayed on the buildings, and humiliation offered to the f amilies of color by the white people residing in the neighborhood. Beatings find origin in racism in such circumstances. Levittown is one of the Long Islands where this happened in particular. Levittown is the first suburb for the American nation after the war. Black soldiers were denied access to this largest housing scheme in the history of America. Since that time, the town has increased in subtleness manifolds, assisting the establishment of a wide range of institutions ranging from schools and boutiques to hospitals. The consequential circumstances have made it difficult for the establishment to take care of the mushrooming problems. The disparity between the rights of Caucasian Americans and non-Caucasian Americans is detrimental for the peace of the town. Long Islanders tend to achieve self control and develop the economic ability to become indifferent to the state of the rest of the nation. The multiple government layers that results in such a system adds so much volume to t he taxes that they promote isolation of the racial grounds. The process of development is curbed by the fragmentation of leadership and it becomes much harder to abolish racism. The price of houses in the Long Islands like Levittown has conventionally been the maximum among all states in the US. The unusually high prices also find a relation to the racism. If the houses become affordable to the public in general, they

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Aspects of Contract and Negligence for Business - An Evaluation Assignment - 1

Aspects of Contract and Negligence for Business - An Evaluation - Assignment Example From the aforementioned case overview, it can be comprehended that the case is related to contract law. There are certain elements that are identified to be essential for the formulation of a valid contract. The four essential elements that are essential for a valid contract are offered along with acceptance, legal considerations, legal purpose and legal capacity. In this respect, a contract to be valid is required to have the aforementioned factors under consideration. Moreover, the elements of a contract are required to comply with the objective of ensuring that the contract is legally accepted (Marson, 2013). In relation to the case provided, it can be affirmed that Peter has not entered into a legally recognized valid contract, which implies that he is not liable to force the company in selling the product that has been advertised. Thus, Peter cannot force the company to provide the product at the price of ?1. It can also be affirmed relating to the case that the advertisement ma de by the company is just a mere invitation. According to the contract law, the advertisements that make by the companies in relation to a product or service are often related to the notion of ‘invitation to treat’. ‘Invitation to treat’ is identified as an expression along with a willingness to develop or enter into a contract with another individual. Moreover, the invitation should be made with appropriate terms as well as conditions with the objective of ensuring that the offer made by the offeror is accepted by an offeree. Contextually, an ‘invitation to treat’ is not identified as an offer but it is recognized as a preliminary procedure. In this regard, an ‘invitation to treat’ is not a necessary procedure for developing an agreement as the offeror making the ‘invitation to treat’ capable of forming a valid contract. ‘Invitation to treat’ is generally used by businesses to improve sales figures and at tract customers through advertisements and auctions among others (Marson, 2013)

Monday, November 18, 2019

Strategic Audit of Mohawk Industries Assignment

Strategic Audit of Mohawk Industries - Assignment Example According to SEC Form 10-K of the company, the Mohawk segment or subsidiary â€Å"designs, manufactures, sources distributes, and markets its floor covering product lines, which include carpets, ceramic tile, laminate, rugs, carpet pad, hardwood and resilient.† Brands under the segment include Mohawk, Aladdin, MohawColorCenter, Floorscapes, Portico, Mohawk Home, Bigelow, Durkan, Horizon, Karastan, Lee and Merit. The Dal-Tile segment â€Å"designs, manufactures, sources, distributes and markets a broad line of ceramic tile, porcelain tile products.† Primary brands under the Dal-Tile segment include Dal-Tile and American Olean. According to the SEC Form 10-K, the Dal-Tile segment is vertically integrated from the production of raw materials for body and glaze preparation to the manufacturing and distribution of ceramic and porcelain tile.† Based on Form 10-K, the Unilin segment â€Å"designs, manufactures, sources, licenses and markets a broad line of ceramic tile, porcelain tile, natural stone and other products.† The Unilin segment is â€Å"one of the largest vertically-integrated laminate flooring manufacturing in the U.S. producing laminate flooring and related high-density fiberboard† and â€Å"also produces roofing systems, insulation panels and other wood products.† Thus, the Mohawk segment concentrates on carpets, rugs, and floor covers in general, the Dal-Tile segment focuses on the ceramic and porcelain floor covers and tiles business, and the Unilin segment focuses on laminate covering and expansion of the company to other types of house or building-related businesses but usually wood or wood-related or fiberboards. Mohawk Industries describes herself to be in the leading market positions in carpets, ceramic, laminate, rugs and mats, stone flooring and countertops, and wood products. Data available appear to support her claims. As the leading firm in the market, Mohawk’s financial data (shown in Annexes 1 to 9 of this work) is indicative of the industry’s long-term profitability.     

Friday, November 15, 2019

Performance Management at Steel Co

Performance Management at Steel Co Contents Structuring individual performance to maximize firm’s performance Expectancy theory has three underlying concepts: Performance management system used to improve employee development and communication Effectiveness of linking performance to financial reward Bibliography Structuring individual performance to maximize firm’s performance Individual performance is determined by the following factors: Motivation, the desire to do the job Ability, capability, know how to do the job (cognitive ability, reasoning ability, physical ability) Work environment, tool materials and information to do the job The energy to perform in an organization is directly influenced by the level of motivation and the expectancy. As long as the desire to do something is present, the mount of performance output is directly proportional with the level of energy exercised. Motivation is a function of expectancy, instrumentality and valance and expectancy, is used as a tool to explain the determinants of workplace attitudes and behavior. In other words try to perform and you will succeed. Expectancy theory has three underlying concepts: 1. The Concept of valence refers to anticipated satisfaction. While value represents the actual satisfaction that a person experience from an attained outcome. Potentially a discrepancy can occur between the anticipated satisfaction from an outcome (valence) and the actual satisfaction that it provides (its value). When such disparity occurs, the reward system implemented will lead to loss of the motivational value. 2. Instrumentality represents a person’s belief about the relationship between performing an action and experiencing an outcome. The high performance is most likely to occur when both the valence and instrumentality are perceived high. It is important to understand individual’s motivational behavior by not only identifying his/hers satisfaction expected as a result of attained particular outcome, but also what actually the person thinks that he /she needs to do or not, to achieve the outcome. 3. Expectancies, representing a link between making an effort an actual performing well. It is more like motivation based on desire and effort. Expectancy should be accompanied by specific goals setting and type of performance desired in quantitative terms. Goals should be difficult enough, to where the individual motivation will be driven by the values received from a job well done. The concept of self-efficacy is based on the individual ability to complete the task if he/she tried. Self -efficacy can increase by: emphasis on past accomplishments, observation of others, verbal persuasion (appealing to individual self image) Performance management system used to improve employee development and communication (McCaffery (2004) explains that a key competent of learning and development support in managing performance is guidance given by line managers to develop the knowledge or skill of their subordinates. (McCaffery,p139 (2004) believes that ‘performance management is a cyclical process centred on learning and development-not a fixed one-off event†¦performance management does not just happen, as is often(wrongly) assumed, at an annual event set up for the purpose. Formal appraisal is but a single process. The core foundation of performance management is learning and development. (Armstrong, p246 (2009) believes that performance management has a vital role in an organisation, by ‘specifically helping people to appreciate the need for developing their performance and where and how it should take place,’ and ensuring that people can learn from their experience. Performance management can help people find specific courses on or off the job or by e-learning which will satisfy their learning need. But performance management’s most essential role is the help it gives to the development of a climate for learning- a ‘growth culture’. This process helps people avoid obstacles that can arise when guiding them through work challenges. It ensures that the workers have the resources and time that they need to learn, also that management can advice and support them and give feedback that is vital for them to learn. (Foot, Cook (2008) comment on the fact that often organizations want to develop by improving performance. They want to meet their strategic objectives, or gain high-performance standards in the organization, and they wish to increase profits for shareholders, develop their market share or provide better services for their customers to avail of. (Foot, Cook (2008) explain that in order to achieve these ideals, they need to select, recruit, motivates, develop and retain the best people for the job. (Foot, Cook, p277(2008) highlight that ‘learning and development is one of the key aspects in performance management which can help them achieve these things and it is also a key factor in managing talent.’ Individuals in an organization have the drive to improve their performance in their job, or gain new skills perhaps to get a promotion or pay increase or even move on to a more challenging and fulfilling job. (Foot,Cook(2008) believes individuals can achieve these aims with help from learning and development . Learning and development can help organizations by attracting individuals and can engage their loyalty so the organization benefits by retaining new recruits, this in turns helps the organization to optimize its current and future objectives. (Foot,Cook (2008) emphasize the fact that learning and development has gain popularity over the past years, as organizations have realized that in order to stay competitive they need to develop and utilize the knowledge of their staff as much as possible, in order to do so they need to focus their activities from training to learning. (Foot,Cook) continues, by saying, people learn in different ways, some of these ways can be planned others, unplanned. In order for learning to occur organizations have to ensure that they create suitable environments, so that workers can clearly benefit from the learning and knowledge of their workforce. (Foot,Cook, p278 (2008) reveals that ‘the concept of individualized learning implies that this occurs in all sorts of situations, not just in the more traditional, formal training opportunities.’ Learning and development include mentoring, coaching, job swapping and work shadowing which are less formal and are more learner centered approaches to learning. (Wilton, p183 (2013) comments how ‘in human resource development, it is important to highlight the role of learning and development in performance management and in fostering a culture of continuous improvement.’ In a firm, (Wilton(2013) explains that employee development is considered a key mechanism through which organizational performance can be improved. Learning and development provides substantial linkages within the cycle, forming part of both the evaluation or review phrase and the planning phase. (Wilton (2013) emphasizes the fact that learning and development plays a vital role in relation to remedial action to resolve performance problems. Effectiveness of linking performance to financial reward In many organizations the HR function and the business will attempt to align individual performance to a bell curve of anticipated or actual required performance ratings. This approach is often positioned as being necessary to reward the highest individual performers appropriately, or to justify how the actual business and individual employee performance compares to other high performing organizations (or both). However, when attempting to manage performance distribution across the organization the HR function is often faced with some pretty difficult questions and issues, such as, How can we have so many high performance ratings when we arent achieving our organizational performance goals? Why are we paying our best performers pretty much the same as our worst performers? Are we rewarding the right people? What is actually happening in many organizations is that they believe they are paying for one thing (performance) when in actual fact they are paying for something else. For example, reward for promotion often exceeds annual pay increases for performance within any given level, no matter how much the employee has contributed. Therefore, employees have a much greater incentive to try to get promoted than to stay put and do an outstanding job. This issue can be exacerbated by the use of broad band’s (grades) and salary ranges; all too often, organizations implement a new approach to pay without considering how to communicate to their employees the principles of progression within a salary range. If we take another example, you may work in an organization which is results-oriented, and management is only interested in financial measures such as profit or revenue. Financial rewards are probably used as the major motivator for staff, as we have seen within the financial services sector. However, this approach may not be the right one for employees who are not motivated by financial reward and are perhaps already highly committed to the goals of the organization. In this situation, non-monetary rewards may be the way to go. For smaller organizations where promotion opportunities are limited, the opportunities for employees to reap financial rewards for moving up and for performing well are also limited. Linking performance and reward effectively relies on a good understanding of your organizational context, and the mix of employee motivating factors.   Bibliography Armstrong, Michael.(2009) Armstrong’s Handbook of Performance Management. Clifford, Jackie, Thorpe, Sara. (2007) Advantage for your organisation. http://www.talentmanagementtech.com/blog/learning-and-performance-management-converge-form-emerging-best-practice Dam, Van Nick, Marcus, Jos, Medhurst Keith.(2007) An International Approach to Organisation and Management. Finch, Erik(2010). A talent development approach that integrates learning and performance management is needed to retain staff. Retrieved on the 20th of March 2014. http://www.hse.ie/eng/staff/Benefits_Services/Performance_Management/Chapter_1.pdf Margaret, Foot. Cook, Caroline. (2008) Introducing Human Resource Management. McCaffery, Peter (2004) The higher Education Manager’s Handbook; Effective leadership and Management. Wilton, Nick (2013) An Introduction to Human Resource Management.

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

Similar Plot of Muder Mysteries :: Papers

Similar Plot of Muder Mysteries The structures of the two stories are very different, with The Speckled Band story unfolding in chronological order, finding out the murderer right at the end, however in the Lamb to the Slaughter, the murderer is known at the beginning of the story. The two stories are seen from two different points of view, first-person narratorinTheSpeckled Band as Dr Watson acharacter within the story and therefore limited in understanding and the all-knowingthird-person narratoror omniscient in Lamb to the Slaughter as the narrator stands outside the story itself and guide the reader's understanding of characters and the significance of their story. Most murder mysteries have the typical victims, murderers, and detectives, this is especially true in the older murder mysteries by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. The Speckled Band has a typical detective, the famous detective being Sherlock Holmes with his deer stalker hat and pipe always deep in thought about the investigation "his arms folded, his hat pulled down over his eyes, and his chin sunk upon his breast, buried in the deepest thought". But in the Lamb to the Slaughter the detectives are so foolish and naives, a complete contrast to Sherlock Holmes. Sherlock Holmes comes across as a typical fictional detective. In addition Miss Stoner, in The Speckled Band is a typical victim, vulnerable, anxious, weak and scared. She say's " It is not cold which makes me shiver", she was worried for her life. This line grips the reader and we can sense that something sinister is about to happen. Also in The Speckled Band, Dr Roylott, is the evil, plotting, devious, fictional murderer, this character was portrayed in most murder mysteries stories written in the late 19 century. The Speckled Band was written in 1892. In the Lamb to the Slaughter we had no idea who the murderer and victim were going to be until the murder had been committed, in fact you might of thought the roles would have been reversed once reading the first few pages. The detectives in the story are portrayed as